Fixed Capital and Working Capital Differences

Capital is a critical ingredient in any business. Without capital, no business can be run, and no business can exist. Capital can be categorized into two forms – fixed capital and working capital.

  • Fixed capital is used to acquire non-current assets that would serve the business for more than one accounting periodAccounting PeriodAccounting Period refers to the period in which all financial transactions are recorded and financial statements are prepared. This might be quarterly, semi-annually, or annually, depending on the period for which you want to create the financial statements to be presented to investors so that they can track and compare the company’s overall performance.read more.On the other hand, working capital is used to serve the business on a day-to-day basis fulfilling the requirement of everyday production and operation.

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In this article, we will look at each of them separately and will also look at a comparative analysis between them.

Fixed Capital vs Working Capital Infographics

Key Differences Between Fixed Capital and Working Capital

  • Fixed capitalFixed CapitalFixed capital refers to the investment made by the business for acquiring long term assets. These long term assets don’t directly produce anything but help the company with long-term benefits.read more supports the business indirectly. Working capital supports the business directly.Fixed capital is invested in long-term assets. Working capital is invested in current assets.Fixed capital is required before the business starts. Working capital is required after the business gets started.Fixed capital can’t be liquidated into cash immediately. Working capitalWorking CapitalWorking capital is the amount available to a company for day-to-day expenses. It’s a measure of a company’s liquidity, efficiency, and financial health, and it’s calculated using a simple formula: “current assets (accounts receivables, cash, inventories of unfinished goods and raw materials) MINUS current liabilities (accounts payable, debt due in one year)“read more can be liquidated into cash immediately.Fixed capital serves the business for a very long period. Working capital serves the business for a brief period.The orientation of fixed capital is strategic. The orientation of working capital is operational.

Comparative Table

Conclusion

Fixed capital and working capital are imperative for a business to run and perpetuate. And it’s not right to say that one is more important than the other.

However, without fixed capital, it’s impossible to start a business. And after the business gets started, it’s impossible to run a business without working capital.

Every business, thus, needs to take special care of them both. But it is equally important to invest in the right assets so that the business can benefit from the assets and make use of them regularly.

Working Capital vs. Fixed Capital Video

This article has been a guide to Working Capital vs. Fixed Capital. Here we discuss the top 8 differences between fixed capital and working capital along with infographics and a comparative table. You may also look at these recommended articles for further reading –

  • Working Capital ComponentsExamples of Fixed CostGross Working Capital – MeaningCalculate Net Capital Spending